User Center
My Training Class
Feedback- 1.
Peltier, W. R., Argus, D. F. & Drummond, R. Space geodesy constrains ice age terminal deglaciation: the global ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model. J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 120, 450–487 (2015).
- 2.
Lambeck, K., Purcell, A. & Zhao, S. The North American Late Wisconsin ice sheet and mantle viscosity from glacial rebound analyses. Quat. Sci. Rev. 158, 172–210 (2017).
- 3.
Tarasov, L., Dyke, A. S., Neal, R. M. & Peltier, W. A data-calibrated distribution of deglacial chronologies for the North American ice complex from glaciological modeling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 315–316, 30–40 (2012).
- 4.
Stokes, C. R., Tarasov, L. & Dyke, A. S. Dynamics of the North American Ice Sheet Complex during its inception and build-up to the last glacial maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 50, 86–104 (2012).
- 5.
Dalton, A. S., Finkelstein, S. A., Barnett, P. J. & Forman, S. L. Constraining the Late Pleistocene history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet by dating the Missinaibi Formation, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. Quat. Sci. Rev. 146, 288–299 (2016).
- 6.
Dalton, A. S. et al. Was the Laurentide Ice Sheet significantly reduced during Marine Isotope Stage 3? Geology 47, 111–114 (2019).
- 7.
McMartin, I., Campbell, J. E. & Dredge, L. A. Middle Wisconsinan marine shells near Repulse Bay, Nunavut, Canada: implications for Marine Isotope Stage 3 ice-free conditions and Laurentide Ice Sheet dynamics in north-west Hudson Bay. J. Quat. Sci. 34, 64–75 (2019).
- 8.
Dalton, A. S., Väliranta, M., Barnett, P. J. & Finkelstein, S. A. Pollen and macrofossil-inferred palaeoclimate at the Ridge Site, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada: evidence for a dry climate and significant recession of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during Marine Isotope Stage 3. Boreas 46, 388–401 (2017).
- 9.
Pico, T., Creveling, J. & Mitrovica, J. Sea-level records from the US mid-Atlantic constrain Laurentide Ice Sheet extent during Marine Isotope Stage 3. Nat. Commun. 8, 15612 (2017).
- 10.
Miller, G. H. & Andrews, J. T. Hudson Bay was not deglaciated during MIS-3. Quat. Sci. Rev. 225, 105944 (2019).
- 11.
Pico, T., Mitrovica, J. X., Ferrier, K. L. & Braun, J. Global ice volume during MIS 3 inferred from a sea-level analysis of sedimentary core records in the Yellow River Delta. Quat. Sci. Rev. 152, 72–79 (2016).
- 12.
Pico, T., Birch, L., Weisenberg, J. & Mitrovica, J. Refining the Laurentide Ice Sheet at Marine Isotope Stage 3: a data-based approach combining glacial isostatic simulations with a dynamic ice model. Quat. Sci. Rev. 195, 171–179 (2018).
- 13.
Gowan, E. J., Tregoning, P., Purcell, A., Montillet, J.-P. & McClusky, S. A model of the western Laurentide Ice Sheet, using observations of glacial isostatic adjustment. Quat. Sci. Rev. 139, 1–16 (2016).
- 14.
Gowan, E. J. et al. ICESHEET 1.0: a program to produce paleo-ice sheet reconstructions with minimal assumptions. Geosci. Model Dev. 9, 1673–1682 (2016).
- 15.
Simms, A. R., Lisiecki, L., Gebbie, G., Whitehouse, P. L. & Clark, J. F. Balancing the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sea-level budget. Quat. Sci. Rev. 205, 143–153 (2019).
- 16.
Potter, E.-K. et al. Suborbital-period sea-level oscillations during marine isotope substages 5a and 5c. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 225, 191–204 (2004).
- 17.
Lambeck, K. & Chappell, J. Sea level change through the last glacial cycle. Science 292, 679–686 (2001).
- 18.
Batchelor, C. L. et al. The configuration of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets through the quaternary. Nat. Commun. 10, 1–10 (2019).
- 19.
Dredge, L. & Thorleifson, L. The Middle Wisconsinan history of the Laurentide ice sheet. Géographie Phys. et. Quat. 41, 215–235 (1987).
- 20.
Dyke, A. S. et al. The Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 21, 9–31 (2002).
- 21.
Andrews, J. T. & Voelker, A. H. “Heinrich Events” (& sediments): a history of terminology and recommendations for future usage. Quat. Sci. Rev. 187, 31–40 (2018).
- 22.
Gauthier, M. S. et al. The subglacial mosaic of the Laurentide Ice Sheet; a study of the interior region of southwestern Hudson Bay. Quat. Sci. Rev. 214, 1–27 (2019).
- 23.
Eyles, N., Eyles, C. H., Woodworth-Lynas, C. & Randall, T. A. The sedimentary record of drifting ice (early Wisconsin Sunnybrook deposit) in an ancestral ice-dammed Lake Ontario, Canada. Quat. Res. 63, 171–181 (2005).
- 24.
Karrow, P. F., Dreimanis, A. & Barnett, P. J. A proposed diachronic revision of late Quaternary time-stratigraphic classification in the eastern and northern Great Lakes area. Quat. Res. 54, 1–12 (2000).
- 25.
Mulligan, R. P. & Bajc, A. F. The pre-Late Wisconsin stratigraphy of southern Simcoe County, Ontario: implications for ice sheet buildup, decay, and Great Lakes drainage evolution. Can. J. Earth Sci. 55, 709–729 (2018).
- 26.
Karig, D. E. & Miller, N. G. Middle Wisconsin glacial advance into the Appalachian Plateau, Sixmile Creek, Tompkins Co., NY. Quat. Res. 80, 522–533 (2013).
- 27.
Munroe, J. S., Perzan, Z. M. & Amidon, W. H. Cave sediments constrain the latest Pleistocene advance of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in the Champlain Valley, Vermont, USA. J. Quat. Sci. 31, 893–904 (2016).
- 28.
Young, R. A. & Burr, G. S. Middle Wisconsin glaciation in the Genesee Valley, NY: a stratigraphic record contemporaneous with Heinrich Event, H4. Geomorphology 75, 226–247 (2006).
- 29.
Svendsen, J. I. et al. Late Quaternary ice sheet history of northern Eurasia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 23, 1229–1271 (2004).
- 30.
Margold, M., Stokes, C. R. & Clark, C. D. Reconciling records of ice streaming and ice margin retreat to produce a palaeogeographic reconstruction of the deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 189, 1–30 (2018).
- 31.
Lambeck, K., Rouby, H., Purcell, A., Sun, Y. & Sambridge, M. Sea level and global ice volumes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 15296–15303 (2014).
- 32.
Vacchi, M. et al. Postglacial relative sea-level histories along the eastern Canadian coastline. Quat. Sci. Rev. 201, 124–146 (2018).
- 33.
Baranskaya, A. V. et al. A postglacial relative sea-level database for the Russian Arctic coast. Quat. Sci. Rev. 199, 188–205 (2018).
- 34.
Steffen, H. & Kaufmann, G. Glacial isostatic adjustment of Scandinavia and northwestern Europe and the radial viscosity structure of the Earth’s mantle. Geophys. J. Int. 163, 801–812 (2005).
- 35.
Wu, P. Sensitivity of relative sea levels and crustal velocities in Laurentide to radial and lateral viscosity variations in the mantle. Geophys. J. Int. 165, 401–413 (2006).
- 36.
RAISED Consortium et al. A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 100, 1–9 (2014).
- 37.
Helmens, K. F. The Last Interglacial–Glacial cycle (MIS 5–2) re-examined based on long proxy records from central and northern Europe. Quat. Sci. Rev. 86, 115–143 (2014).
- 38.
Hughes, A. L., Gyllencreutz, R., Lohne, Ø. S., Mangerud, J. & Svendsen, J. I. The last Eurasian ice sheets–a chronological database and time-slice reconstruction, DATED-1. Boreas 45, 1–45 (2016).
- 39.
Waelbroeck, C. et al. Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records. Quat. Sci. Rev. 21, 295–305 (2002).
- 40.
Grant, K. M. et al. Rapid coupling between ice volume and polar temperature over the past 150,000 years. Nature 491, 744 (2012).
- 41.
Shakun, J. D., Lea, D. W., Lisiecki, L. E. & Raymo, M. E. An 800-kyr record of global surface ocean δ18O and implications for ice volume-temperature coupling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 426, 58–68 (2015).
- 42.
Gowan, E. J. Comparison of the PaleoMIST 1.0 ice sheet margins, ice sheet and paleo-topography reconstruction with paleo sea level indicators. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4061594 (2020).
- 43.
Spada, G. & Stocchi, P. SELEN: a Fortran 90 program for solving the “sea-level equation”. Computers Geosci. 33, 538–562 (2007).
- 44.
de Boer, B., Stocchi, P. & Van De Wal, R. A fully coupled 3-D ice-sheet-sea-level model: algorithm and applications. Geosci. Model Dev. 7, 2141–2156 (2014).
- 45.
de Boer, B., Stocchi, P., Whitehouse, P. L. & van de Wal, R. S. Current state and future perspectives on coupled ice-sheet— sea-level modelling. Quat. Sci. Rev. 169, 13–28 (2017).
- 46.
Steffen, H. & Wu, P. Glacial isostatic adjustment in Fennoscandia–a review of data and modeling. J. Geodynamics 52, 169–204 (2011).
- 47.
Simon, K. M., James, T. S., Henton, J. A. & Dyke, A. S. A glacial isostatic adjustment model for the central and northern Laurentide Ice Sheet based on relative sea level and GPS measurements. Geophys. J. Int. 205, 1618–1636 (2016).
- 48.
Shewchuk, J. R. Triangle: engineering a 2D quality mesh generator and Delaunay triangulator. in Applied Computational Geometry Towards Geometric Engineering (eds Lin, M. C. & Manocha, D.) 203–222 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996).
- 49.
Wessel, P., Smith, W. H., Scharroo, R., Luis, J. & Wobbe, F. Generic mapping tools: improved version released. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 94, 409–410 (2013).
- 50.
Dalton, A. S. et al. An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex. Quat. Sci. Rev. 234, 106223 (2020).
- 51.
Davies, B. J. et al. The evolution of the Patagonian Ice Sheet from 35 ka to the present day (PATICE). Earth-Sci. Rev. 204, 103152 (2020).
- 52.
Khan, N. S. et al. Inception of a global atlas of sea levels since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 220, 359–371 (2019).
- 53.
Engelhart, S. E. & Horton, B. P. Holocene sea level database for the Atlantic coast of the United States. Quat. Sci. Rev. 54, 12–25 (2012).
- 54.
Hibbert, F. D. et al. Coral indicators of past sea-level change: a global repository of U-series dated benchmarks. Quat. Sci. Rev. 145, 1–56 (2016).
- 55.
Mann, T. et al. Holocene sea levels in Southeast Asia, Maldives, India and Sri Lanka: The SEAMIS database. Quat. Sci. Rev. 219, 112–125 (2019).
- 56.
Hijma, M. P. & Cohen, K. M. Holocene sea-level database for the Rhine-Meuse Delta, The Netherlands: implications for the pre-8.2 ka sea-level jump. Quat. Sci. Rev. 214, 68–86 (2019).
- 57.
Schaffer, J. et al. A global, high-resolution data set of ice sheet topography, cavity geometry, and ocean bathymetry. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 8, 543–557 (2016).
- 58.
Tegmark, M. An icosahedron-based method for pixelizing the celestial sphere. Astrophysical J. Lett. 470, L81–L84 (1996).
- 59.
Khosravi, S. Comparison of the Past Climate in Northern Canada and Greenland. Master’s thesis, University of Bremen (2017).
- 60.
Gowan, E. J. Model of the western Laurentide Ice Sheet, North America. Ph.D. thesis, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia (2014).
- 61.
Reeh, N. A plasticity theory approach to the steady-state shape of a three-dimensional ice sheet. J. Glaciol. 28, 431–455 (1982).
- 62.
Fisher, D., Reeh, N. & Langley, K. Objective reconstructions of the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide Ice Sheet and the significance of deformable beds. Géographie Phys. et. Quat. 39, 229–238 (1985).
- 63.
Dyke, A. S. An outline of North American deglaciation with emphasis on central and northern Canada. In Quaternary Glaciations–Extent and Chronology—Part II: North America, Developments in Quaternary Science (eds Ehlers, J. et al.) 373–424 (Elsevier, 2004).
- 64.
Shaw, J. et al. A conceptual model of the deglaciation of Atlantic Canada. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25, 2059–2081 (2006).
- 65.
Occhietti, S., Parent, M., Lajeunesse, P., Robert, F. & Govare, E. Late Pleistocene-early Holocene decay of the Laurentide ice sheet in Québec-Labrador. Dev. Quat. Sci. 15, 601–630 (2011).
- 66.
Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D. Introduction. in Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol. 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J. et al.) Chapter 1, 1–4 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 67.
Ingólfsson, Ó. & Landvik, J. Y. The Svalbard–Barents Sea ice-sheet–Historical, current and future perspectives. Quat. Sci. Rev. 64, 33–60 (2013).
- 68.
Lambeck, K., Purcell, A., Zhao, J. & Svensson, N.-O. The Scandinavian Ice Sheet: from MIS 4 to the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. Boreas 39, 410–435 (2010).
- 69.
Darvill, C. M., Stokes, C. R., Bentley, M. J., Evans, D. J. & Lovell, H. Dynamics of former ice lobes of the southernmost Patagonian Ice Sheet based on a glacial landsystems approach. J. Quat. Sci. 32, 857–876 (2017).
- 70.
Larter, R. D. et al. Reconstruction of changes in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen sea sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet since the last glacial maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 100, 55–86 (2014).
- 71.
Bart, P. J. & Owolana, B. On the duration of West Antarctic Ice Sheet grounding events in Ross Sea during the Quaternary. Quat. Sci. Rev. 47, 101–115 (2012).
- 72.
Emslie, S. D., Coats, L. & Licht, K. A 45,000 yr record of Adélie penguins and climate change in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Geology 35, 61–64 (2007).
- 73.
Berg, S. et al. Unglaciated areas in East Antarctica during the Last Glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 3)–New evidence from Rauer Group. Quat. Sci. Rev. 153, 1–10 (2016).
- 74.
Paulen, R. C., Smith, I. R. & Hickin, A. S. Middle Wisconsin radiocarbon dated wood in glacial sediments exposed in the Muskeg river (NTS 95B) Region. Open File 8477, Geological Survey of Canada. https://doi.org/10.4095/313419 (2019). GEM-2 Southern Mackenzie Surficial activity 2018 report: surficial geology and heavy mineral studies in southern Northwest Territories.
- 75.
Lakeman, T. R. & England, J. H. Facies and stratigraphical analyses of glacial and interglacial sediments at Morgan Bluffs, Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Boreas 43, 895–913 (2014).
- 76.
Johnson, W. H. et al. Late Quaternary temporal and event classifications, Great Lakes region, North America. Quat. Res. 47, 1–12 (1997).
- 77.
Stea, R. R. et al. The Appalachian Glacier Complex in Maritime Canada. in Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol. 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J. et al.) Chapter 48, 631–659 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 78.
Briner, J., Axford, Y., Forman, S., Miller, G. & Wolfe, A. Multiple generations of interglacial lake sediment preserved beneath the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Geology 35, 887–890 (2007).
- 79.
Kleman, J. et al. North American Ice Sheet build-up during the last glacial cycle, 115–21kyr. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29, 2036–2051 (2010).
- 80.
Parent, M., Paradis, S. J. & Boisvert, É. Ice-flow patterns and glacial transport in the eastern Hudson Bay region: implications for the late Quaternary dynamics of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Can. J. Earth Sci. 32, 2057–2070 (1995).
- 81.
McMartin, I. & Dredge, L. A. History of ice flow in the Schultz Lake and Wager Bay areas, Kivalliq region, Nunavut. Current Research 2005-B2, Geological Survey of Canada. https://doi.org/10.4095/220376 (2005).
- 82.
Clague, J. J. & Ward, B. Pleistocene Glaciation of British Columbia. in Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol. 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D.) Chapter 44, 563–573 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 83.
Clague, J. J., Hebda, R. J. & Mathewes, R. W. Stratigraphy and paleoecology of Pleistocene interstadial sediments, central British Columbia. Quat. Res. 34, 208–226 (1990).
- 84.
Lesemann, J.-E., Brennand, T. A., Lian, O. B. & Sanborn, P. A refined understanding of the paleoenvironmental history recorded at the Okanagan Centre section, an MIS 4 stratotype, south-central British Columbia, Canada. J. Quat. Sci. 28, 729–747 (2013).
- 85.
Hebda, R. J., Lian, O. B. & Hicock, S. R. Olympia Interstadial: vegetation, landscape history, and paleoclimatic implications of a mid-Wisconsinan (MIS3) nonglacial sequence from southwest British Columbia, Canada. Can. J. Earth Sci. 53, 304–320 (2016).
- 86.
Ward, B. C., Bond, J. D. & Gosse, J. C. Evidence for a 55–50 ka (early Wisconsin) glaciation of the Cordilleran ice sheet, Yukon Territory, Canada. Quat. Res. 68, 141–150 (2007).
- 87.
Kaufman, D. S., Young, N. E., Briner, J. P. & Manley, W. F. Alaska palaeo-glacier atlas (version 2). in Quaternary Glaciations — Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences(eds Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D.), Chapter 33, 427–445 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 88.
Mathewes, R. W., Lian, O. B., Clague, J. J. & Huntley, M. J. W. Early Wisconsinan (MIS 4) glaciation on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, and implications for biological refugia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 52, 939–951 (2015).
- 89.
McDonald, E. V., Sweeney, M. R. & Busacca, A. J. Glacial outburst floods and loess sedimentation documented during Oxygen Isotope Stage 4 on the Columbia Plateau, Washington State. Quat. Sci. Rev. 45, 18–30 (2012).
- 90.
Tulenko, J. P., Briner, J. P., Young, N. E. & Schaefer, J. M. Beryllium-10 chronology of early and late Wisconsinan moraines in the Revelation Mountains, Alaska: insights into the forcing of Wisconsinan glaciation in Beringia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 197, 129–141 (2018).
- 91.
Dethier, D., Dragovich, J., Sarna-Wojcicki, A. & Fleck, R. Pumice in the interglacial Whidbey Formation at Blowers Bluff, central Whidbey Island, WA, USA. Quat. Int. 178, 229–237 (2008).
- 92.
Alley, R. B. et al. History of the Greenland Ice Sheet: paleoclimatic insights. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29, 1728–1756 (2010).
- 93.
Simon, Q., Hillaire-Marcel, C., St-Onge, G. & Andrews, J. T. North-eastern Laurentide, western Greenland and southern Innuitian ice stream dynamics during the last glacial cycle. J. Quat. Sci. 29, 14–26 (2014).
- 94.
Funder, S., Kjeldsen, K. K., Kjær, K. H. & Ó Cofaigh, C. The Greenland Ice Sheet during the past 300,000 years: a review. in Quaternary Glaciations — Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D.), Chapter 50, 699–713 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 95.
Larsen, N. K. et al. Instability of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream over the last 45,000 years. Nat. Commun. 9, 1872 (2018).
- 96.
Søndergaard, A. S., Larsen, N. K., Olsen, J., Strunk, A. & Woodroffe, S. Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland. J. Quat. Sci. 34, 536–547 (2019).
- 97.
England, J. H., Atkinson, N., Dyke, A. S., Evans, D. J. & Zreda, M. Late Wisconsinan buildup and wastage of the Innuitian Ice Sheet across southern Ellesmere Island, Nunavut. Can. J. Earth Sci. 41, 39–61 (2004).
- 98.
England, J. et al. The Innuitian Ice Sheet: configuration, dynamics and chronology. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25, 689–703 (2006).
- 99.
Larsen, N. K. et al. Late Quaternary glaciation history of northernmost Greenland–Evidence of shelf-based ice. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29, 3399–3414 (2010).
- 100.
Gowan, E. J., Niu, L., Knorr, G. & Lohmann, G. Geology datasets in North America, Greenland and surrounding areas for use with ice sheet models. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 11, 375–391 (2019).
- 101.
James, T. S., Gowan, E. J., Wada, I. & Wang, K. Viscosity of the asthenosphere from glacial isostatic adjustment and subduction dynamics at the northern Cascadia subduction zone, British Columbia, Canada. J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 114, B04405 (2009).
- 102.
Peltier, W. & Fairbanks, R. G. Global glacial ice volume and Last Glacial Maximum duration from an extended Barbados sea level record. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25, 3322–3337 (2006).
- 103.
Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K. & Grootes, P. M. Rapid flooding of the Sunda Shelf: a late-glacial sea-level record. Science 288, 1033–1035 (2000).
- 104.
Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K. & Bojanowski, A. Termination of the Last Glacial Maximum sea-level lowstand: the Sunda-Shelf data revisited. Glob. Planet. Change 66, 76–84 (2009).
- 105.
Ishiwa, T. et al. A sea-level plateau preceding the Marine Isotope Stage 2 minima revealed by Australian sediments. Sci. Rep. 9, 6449 (2019).
- 106.
Yokoyama, Y. et al. Rapid glaciation and a two-step sea level plunge into the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature 559, 603 (2018).
Language
We detect your regional language is French. Do you want to change site's language to French? You may choose other languages.International
English
中文
русск
français
español
العربية
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-21469-w
It takes around min to read this article.
Original Text (This is the original text for your reference.)
- 1.
Peltier, W. R., Argus, D. F. & Drummond, R. Space geodesy constrains ice age terminal deglaciation: the global ICE-6G_C (VM5a) model. J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 120, 450–487 (2015).
- 2.
Lambeck, K., Purcell, A. & Zhao, S. The North American Late Wisconsin ice sheet and mantle viscosity from glacial rebound analyses. Quat. Sci. Rev. 158, 172–210 (2017).
- 3.
Tarasov, L., Dyke, A. S., Neal, R. M. & Peltier, W. A data-calibrated distribution of deglacial chronologies for the North American ice complex from glaciological modeling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 315–316, 30–40 (2012).
- 4.
Stokes, C. R., Tarasov, L. & Dyke, A. S. Dynamics of the North American Ice Sheet Complex during its inception and build-up to the last glacial maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 50, 86–104 (2012).
- 5.
Dalton, A. S., Finkelstein, S. A., Barnett, P. J. & Forman, S. L. Constraining the Late Pleistocene history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet by dating the Missinaibi Formation, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada. Quat. Sci. Rev. 146, 288–299 (2016).
- 6.
Dalton, A. S. et al. Was the Laurentide Ice Sheet significantly reduced during Marine Isotope Stage 3? Geology 47, 111–114 (2019).
- 7.
McMartin, I., Campbell, J. E. & Dredge, L. A. Middle Wisconsinan marine shells near Repulse Bay, Nunavut, Canada: implications for Marine Isotope Stage 3 ice-free conditions and Laurentide Ice Sheet dynamics in north-west Hudson Bay. J. Quat. Sci. 34, 64–75 (2019).
- 8.
Dalton, A. S., Väliranta, M., Barnett, P. J. & Finkelstein, S. A. Pollen and macrofossil-inferred palaeoclimate at the Ridge Site, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Canada: evidence for a dry climate and significant recession of the Laurentide Ice Sheet during Marine Isotope Stage 3. Boreas 46, 388–401 (2017).
- 9.
Pico, T., Creveling, J. & Mitrovica, J. Sea-level records from the US mid-Atlantic constrain Laurentide Ice Sheet extent during Marine Isotope Stage 3. Nat. Commun. 8, 15612 (2017).
- 10.
Miller, G. H. & Andrews, J. T. Hudson Bay was not deglaciated during MIS-3. Quat. Sci. Rev. 225, 105944 (2019).
- 11.
Pico, T., Mitrovica, J. X., Ferrier, K. L. & Braun, J. Global ice volume during MIS 3 inferred from a sea-level analysis of sedimentary core records in the Yellow River Delta. Quat. Sci. Rev. 152, 72–79 (2016).
- 12.
Pico, T., Birch, L., Weisenberg, J. & Mitrovica, J. Refining the Laurentide Ice Sheet at Marine Isotope Stage 3: a data-based approach combining glacial isostatic simulations with a dynamic ice model. Quat. Sci. Rev. 195, 171–179 (2018).
- 13.
Gowan, E. J., Tregoning, P., Purcell, A., Montillet, J.-P. & McClusky, S. A model of the western Laurentide Ice Sheet, using observations of glacial isostatic adjustment. Quat. Sci. Rev. 139, 1–16 (2016).
- 14.
Gowan, E. J. et al. ICESHEET 1.0: a program to produce paleo-ice sheet reconstructions with minimal assumptions. Geosci. Model Dev. 9, 1673–1682 (2016).
- 15.
Simms, A. R., Lisiecki, L., Gebbie, G., Whitehouse, P. L. & Clark, J. F. Balancing the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sea-level budget. Quat. Sci. Rev. 205, 143–153 (2019).
- 16.
Potter, E.-K. et al. Suborbital-period sea-level oscillations during marine isotope substages 5a and 5c. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 225, 191–204 (2004).
- 17.
Lambeck, K. & Chappell, J. Sea level change through the last glacial cycle. Science 292, 679–686 (2001).
- 18.
Batchelor, C. L. et al. The configuration of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets through the quaternary. Nat. Commun. 10, 1–10 (2019).
- 19.
Dredge, L. & Thorleifson, L. The Middle Wisconsinan history of the Laurentide ice sheet. Géographie Phys. et. Quat. 41, 215–235 (1987).
- 20.
Dyke, A. S. et al. The Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 21, 9–31 (2002).
- 21.
Andrews, J. T. & Voelker, A. H. “Heinrich Events” (& sediments): a history of terminology and recommendations for future usage. Quat. Sci. Rev. 187, 31–40 (2018).
- 22.
Gauthier, M. S. et al. The subglacial mosaic of the Laurentide Ice Sheet; a study of the interior region of southwestern Hudson Bay. Quat. Sci. Rev. 214, 1–27 (2019).
- 23.
Eyles, N., Eyles, C. H., Woodworth-Lynas, C. & Randall, T. A. The sedimentary record of drifting ice (early Wisconsin Sunnybrook deposit) in an ancestral ice-dammed Lake Ontario, Canada. Quat. Res. 63, 171–181 (2005).
- 24.
Karrow, P. F., Dreimanis, A. & Barnett, P. J. A proposed diachronic revision of late Quaternary time-stratigraphic classification in the eastern and northern Great Lakes area. Quat. Res. 54, 1–12 (2000).
- 25.
Mulligan, R. P. & Bajc, A. F. The pre-Late Wisconsin stratigraphy of southern Simcoe County, Ontario: implications for ice sheet buildup, decay, and Great Lakes drainage evolution. Can. J. Earth Sci. 55, 709–729 (2018).
- 26.
Karig, D. E. & Miller, N. G. Middle Wisconsin glacial advance into the Appalachian Plateau, Sixmile Creek, Tompkins Co., NY. Quat. Res. 80, 522–533 (2013).
- 27.
Munroe, J. S., Perzan, Z. M. & Amidon, W. H. Cave sediments constrain the latest Pleistocene advance of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in the Champlain Valley, Vermont, USA. J. Quat. Sci. 31, 893–904 (2016).
- 28.
Young, R. A. & Burr, G. S. Middle Wisconsin glaciation in the Genesee Valley, NY: a stratigraphic record contemporaneous with Heinrich Event, H4. Geomorphology 75, 226–247 (2006).
- 29.
Svendsen, J. I. et al. Late Quaternary ice sheet history of northern Eurasia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 23, 1229–1271 (2004).
- 30.
Margold, M., Stokes, C. R. & Clark, C. D. Reconciling records of ice streaming and ice margin retreat to produce a palaeogeographic reconstruction of the deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Quat. Sci. Rev. 189, 1–30 (2018).
- 31.
Lambeck, K., Rouby, H., Purcell, A., Sun, Y. & Sambridge, M. Sea level and global ice volumes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 15296–15303 (2014).
- 32.
Vacchi, M. et al. Postglacial relative sea-level histories along the eastern Canadian coastline. Quat. Sci. Rev. 201, 124–146 (2018).
- 33.
Baranskaya, A. V. et al. A postglacial relative sea-level database for the Russian Arctic coast. Quat. Sci. Rev. 199, 188–205 (2018).
- 34.
Steffen, H. & Kaufmann, G. Glacial isostatic adjustment of Scandinavia and northwestern Europe and the radial viscosity structure of the Earth’s mantle. Geophys. J. Int. 163, 801–812 (2005).
- 35.
Wu, P. Sensitivity of relative sea levels and crustal velocities in Laurentide to radial and lateral viscosity variations in the mantle. Geophys. J. Int. 165, 401–413 (2006).
- 36.
RAISED Consortium et al. A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 100, 1–9 (2014).
- 37.
Helmens, K. F. The Last Interglacial–Glacial cycle (MIS 5–2) re-examined based on long proxy records from central and northern Europe. Quat. Sci. Rev. 86, 115–143 (2014).
- 38.
Hughes, A. L., Gyllencreutz, R., Lohne, Ø. S., Mangerud, J. & Svendsen, J. I. The last Eurasian ice sheets–a chronological database and time-slice reconstruction, DATED-1. Boreas 45, 1–45 (2016).
- 39.
Waelbroeck, C. et al. Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records. Quat. Sci. Rev. 21, 295–305 (2002).
- 40.
Grant, K. M. et al. Rapid coupling between ice volume and polar temperature over the past 150,000 years. Nature 491, 744 (2012).
- 41.
Shakun, J. D., Lea, D. W., Lisiecki, L. E. & Raymo, M. E. An 800-kyr record of global surface ocean δ18O and implications for ice volume-temperature coupling. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 426, 58–68 (2015).
- 42.
Gowan, E. J. Comparison of the PaleoMIST 1.0 ice sheet margins, ice sheet and paleo-topography reconstruction with paleo sea level indicators. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4061594 (2020).
- 43.
Spada, G. & Stocchi, P. SELEN: a Fortran 90 program for solving the “sea-level equation”. Computers Geosci. 33, 538–562 (2007).
- 44.
de Boer, B., Stocchi, P. & Van De Wal, R. A fully coupled 3-D ice-sheet-sea-level model: algorithm and applications. Geosci. Model Dev. 7, 2141–2156 (2014).
- 45.
de Boer, B., Stocchi, P., Whitehouse, P. L. & van de Wal, R. S. Current state and future perspectives on coupled ice-sheet— sea-level modelling. Quat. Sci. Rev. 169, 13–28 (2017).
- 46.
Steffen, H. & Wu, P. Glacial isostatic adjustment in Fennoscandia–a review of data and modeling. J. Geodynamics 52, 169–204 (2011).
- 47.
Simon, K. M., James, T. S., Henton, J. A. & Dyke, A. S. A glacial isostatic adjustment model for the central and northern Laurentide Ice Sheet based on relative sea level and GPS measurements. Geophys. J. Int. 205, 1618–1636 (2016).
- 48.
Shewchuk, J. R. Triangle: engineering a 2D quality mesh generator and Delaunay triangulator. in Applied Computational Geometry Towards Geometric Engineering (eds Lin, M. C. & Manocha, D.) 203–222 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996).
- 49.
Wessel, P., Smith, W. H., Scharroo, R., Luis, J. & Wobbe, F. Generic mapping tools: improved version released. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 94, 409–410 (2013).
- 50.
Dalton, A. S. et al. An updated radiocarbon-based ice margin chronology for the last deglaciation of the North American Ice Sheet Complex. Quat. Sci. Rev. 234, 106223 (2020).
- 51.
Davies, B. J. et al. The evolution of the Patagonian Ice Sheet from 35 ka to the present day (PATICE). Earth-Sci. Rev. 204, 103152 (2020).
- 52.
Khan, N. S. et al. Inception of a global atlas of sea levels since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 220, 359–371 (2019).
- 53.
Engelhart, S. E. & Horton, B. P. Holocene sea level database for the Atlantic coast of the United States. Quat. Sci. Rev. 54, 12–25 (2012).
- 54.
Hibbert, F. D. et al. Coral indicators of past sea-level change: a global repository of U-series dated benchmarks. Quat. Sci. Rev. 145, 1–56 (2016).
- 55.
Mann, T. et al. Holocene sea levels in Southeast Asia, Maldives, India and Sri Lanka: The SEAMIS database. Quat. Sci. Rev. 219, 112–125 (2019).
- 56.
Hijma, M. P. & Cohen, K. M. Holocene sea-level database for the Rhine-Meuse Delta, The Netherlands: implications for the pre-8.2 ka sea-level jump. Quat. Sci. Rev. 214, 68–86 (2019).
- 57.
Schaffer, J. et al. A global, high-resolution data set of ice sheet topography, cavity geometry, and ocean bathymetry. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 8, 543–557 (2016).
- 58.
Tegmark, M. An icosahedron-based method for pixelizing the celestial sphere. Astrophysical J. Lett. 470, L81–L84 (1996).
- 59.
Khosravi, S. Comparison of the Past Climate in Northern Canada and Greenland. Master’s thesis, University of Bremen (2017).
- 60.
Gowan, E. J. Model of the western Laurentide Ice Sheet, North America. Ph.D. thesis, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia (2014).
- 61.
Reeh, N. A plasticity theory approach to the steady-state shape of a three-dimensional ice sheet. J. Glaciol. 28, 431–455 (1982).
- 62.
Fisher, D., Reeh, N. & Langley, K. Objective reconstructions of the Late Wisconsinan Laurentide Ice Sheet and the significance of deformable beds. Géographie Phys. et. Quat. 39, 229–238 (1985).
- 63.
Dyke, A. S. An outline of North American deglaciation with emphasis on central and northern Canada. In Quaternary Glaciations–Extent and Chronology—Part II: North America, Developments in Quaternary Science (eds Ehlers, J. et al.) 373–424 (Elsevier, 2004).
- 64.
Shaw, J. et al. A conceptual model of the deglaciation of Atlantic Canada. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25, 2059–2081 (2006).
- 65.
Occhietti, S., Parent, M., Lajeunesse, P., Robert, F. & Govare, E. Late Pleistocene-early Holocene decay of the Laurentide ice sheet in Québec-Labrador. Dev. Quat. Sci. 15, 601–630 (2011).
- 66.
Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D. Introduction. in Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol. 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J. et al.) Chapter 1, 1–4 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 67.
Ingólfsson, Ó. & Landvik, J. Y. The Svalbard–Barents Sea ice-sheet–Historical, current and future perspectives. Quat. Sci. Rev. 64, 33–60 (2013).
- 68.
Lambeck, K., Purcell, A., Zhao, J. & Svensson, N.-O. The Scandinavian Ice Sheet: from MIS 4 to the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. Boreas 39, 410–435 (2010).
- 69.
Darvill, C. M., Stokes, C. R., Bentley, M. J., Evans, D. J. & Lovell, H. Dynamics of former ice lobes of the southernmost Patagonian Ice Sheet based on a glacial landsystems approach. J. Quat. Sci. 32, 857–876 (2017).
- 70.
Larter, R. D. et al. Reconstruction of changes in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen sea sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet since the last glacial maximum. Quat. Sci. Rev. 100, 55–86 (2014).
- 71.
Bart, P. J. & Owolana, B. On the duration of West Antarctic Ice Sheet grounding events in Ross Sea during the Quaternary. Quat. Sci. Rev. 47, 101–115 (2012).
- 72.
Emslie, S. D., Coats, L. & Licht, K. A 45,000 yr record of Adélie penguins and climate change in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Geology 35, 61–64 (2007).
- 73.
Berg, S. et al. Unglaciated areas in East Antarctica during the Last Glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 3)–New evidence from Rauer Group. Quat. Sci. Rev. 153, 1–10 (2016).
- 74.
Paulen, R. C., Smith, I. R. & Hickin, A. S. Middle Wisconsin radiocarbon dated wood in glacial sediments exposed in the Muskeg river (NTS 95B) Region. Open File 8477, Geological Survey of Canada. https://doi.org/10.4095/313419 (2019). GEM-2 Southern Mackenzie Surficial activity 2018 report: surficial geology and heavy mineral studies in southern Northwest Territories.
- 75.
Lakeman, T. R. & England, J. H. Facies and stratigraphical analyses of glacial and interglacial sediments at Morgan Bluffs, Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Boreas 43, 895–913 (2014).
- 76.
Johnson, W. H. et al. Late Quaternary temporal and event classifications, Great Lakes region, North America. Quat. Res. 47, 1–12 (1997).
- 77.
Stea, R. R. et al. The Appalachian Glacier Complex in Maritime Canada. in Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol. 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J. et al.) Chapter 48, 631–659 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 78.
Briner, J., Axford, Y., Forman, S., Miller, G. & Wolfe, A. Multiple generations of interglacial lake sediment preserved beneath the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Geology 35, 887–890 (2007).
- 79.
Kleman, J. et al. North American Ice Sheet build-up during the last glacial cycle, 115–21kyr. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29, 2036–2051 (2010).
- 80.
Parent, M., Paradis, S. J. & Boisvert, É. Ice-flow patterns and glacial transport in the eastern Hudson Bay region: implications for the late Quaternary dynamics of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Can. J. Earth Sci. 32, 2057–2070 (1995).
- 81.
McMartin, I. & Dredge, L. A. History of ice flow in the Schultz Lake and Wager Bay areas, Kivalliq region, Nunavut. Current Research 2005-B2, Geological Survey of Canada. https://doi.org/10.4095/220376 (2005).
- 82.
Clague, J. J. & Ward, B. Pleistocene Glaciation of British Columbia. in Quaternary Glaciations—Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol. 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D.) Chapter 44, 563–573 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 83.
Clague, J. J., Hebda, R. J. & Mathewes, R. W. Stratigraphy and paleoecology of Pleistocene interstadial sediments, central British Columbia. Quat. Res. 34, 208–226 (1990).
- 84.
Lesemann, J.-E., Brennand, T. A., Lian, O. B. & Sanborn, P. A refined understanding of the paleoenvironmental history recorded at the Okanagan Centre section, an MIS 4 stratotype, south-central British Columbia, Canada. J. Quat. Sci. 28, 729–747 (2013).
- 85.
Hebda, R. J., Lian, O. B. & Hicock, S. R. Olympia Interstadial: vegetation, landscape history, and paleoclimatic implications of a mid-Wisconsinan (MIS3) nonglacial sequence from southwest British Columbia, Canada. Can. J. Earth Sci. 53, 304–320 (2016).
- 86.
Ward, B. C., Bond, J. D. & Gosse, J. C. Evidence for a 55–50 ka (early Wisconsin) glaciation of the Cordilleran ice sheet, Yukon Territory, Canada. Quat. Res. 68, 141–150 (2007).
- 87.
Kaufman, D. S., Young, N. E., Briner, J. P. & Manley, W. F. Alaska palaeo-glacier atlas (version 2). in Quaternary Glaciations — Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences(eds Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D.), Chapter 33, 427–445 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 88.
Mathewes, R. W., Lian, O. B., Clague, J. J. & Huntley, M. J. W. Early Wisconsinan (MIS 4) glaciation on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, and implications for biological refugia. Can. J. Earth Sci. 52, 939–951 (2015).
- 89.
McDonald, E. V., Sweeney, M. R. & Busacca, A. J. Glacial outburst floods and loess sedimentation documented during Oxygen Isotope Stage 4 on the Columbia Plateau, Washington State. Quat. Sci. Rev. 45, 18–30 (2012).
- 90.
Tulenko, J. P., Briner, J. P., Young, N. E. & Schaefer, J. M. Beryllium-10 chronology of early and late Wisconsinan moraines in the Revelation Mountains, Alaska: insights into the forcing of Wisconsinan glaciation in Beringia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 197, 129–141 (2018).
- 91.
Dethier, D., Dragovich, J., Sarna-Wojcicki, A. & Fleck, R. Pumice in the interglacial Whidbey Formation at Blowers Bluff, central Whidbey Island, WA, USA. Quat. Int. 178, 229–237 (2008).
- 92.
Alley, R. B. et al. History of the Greenland Ice Sheet: paleoclimatic insights. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29, 1728–1756 (2010).
- 93.
Simon, Q., Hillaire-Marcel, C., St-Onge, G. & Andrews, J. T. North-eastern Laurentide, western Greenland and southern Innuitian ice stream dynamics during the last glacial cycle. J. Quat. Sci. 29, 14–26 (2014).
- 94.
Funder, S., Kjeldsen, K. K., Kjær, K. H. & Ó Cofaigh, C. The Greenland Ice Sheet during the past 300,000 years: a review. in Quaternary Glaciations — Extent and Chronology A Closer Look, Vol 15 of Developments in Quaternary Sciences (eds Ehlers, J., Gibbard, P. L. & Hughes, P. D.), Chapter 50, 699–713 (Elsevier, 2011).
- 95.
Larsen, N. K. et al. Instability of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream over the last 45,000 years. Nat. Commun. 9, 1872 (2018).
- 96.
Søndergaard, A. S., Larsen, N. K., Olsen, J., Strunk, A. & Woodroffe, S. Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland. J. Quat. Sci. 34, 536–547 (2019).
- 97.
England, J. H., Atkinson, N., Dyke, A. S., Evans, D. J. & Zreda, M. Late Wisconsinan buildup and wastage of the Innuitian Ice Sheet across southern Ellesmere Island, Nunavut. Can. J. Earth Sci. 41, 39–61 (2004).
- 98.
England, J. et al. The Innuitian Ice Sheet: configuration, dynamics and chronology. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25, 689–703 (2006).
- 99.
Larsen, N. K. et al. Late Quaternary glaciation history of northernmost Greenland–Evidence of shelf-based ice. Quat. Sci. Rev. 29, 3399–3414 (2010).
- 100.
Gowan, E. J., Niu, L., Knorr, G. & Lohmann, G. Geology datasets in North America, Greenland and surrounding areas for use with ice sheet models. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 11, 375–391 (2019).
- 101.
James, T. S., Gowan, E. J., Wada, I. & Wang, K. Viscosity of the asthenosphere from glacial isostatic adjustment and subduction dynamics at the northern Cascadia subduction zone, British Columbia, Canada. J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 114, B04405 (2009).
- 102.
Peltier, W. & Fairbanks, R. G. Global glacial ice volume and Last Glacial Maximum duration from an extended Barbados sea level record. Quat. Sci. Rev. 25, 3322–3337 (2006).
- 103.
Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K. & Grootes, P. M. Rapid flooding of the Sunda Shelf: a late-glacial sea-level record. Science 288, 1033–1035 (2000).
- 104.
Hanebuth, T., Stattegger, K. & Bojanowski, A. Termination of the Last Glacial Maximum sea-level lowstand: the Sunda-Shelf data revisited. Glob. Planet. Change 66, 76–84 (2009).
- 105.
Ishiwa, T. et al. A sea-level plateau preceding the Marine Isotope Stage 2 minima revealed by Australian sediments. Sci. Rep. 9, 6449 (2019).
- 106.
Yokoyama, Y. et al. Rapid glaciation and a two-step sea level plunge into the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature 559, 603 (2018).
Translate engine
Article's language
Action
Report
Share
Related
Report
Select your report category*
Reason*
Comments
Something to say?
Log in or Sign up for free